Want to know more about Athletic Republic’s history?  Click on any years below to see how Acceleration Training has evolved since the early years. 

ATHLETIC REPUBLIC™ TIMELINE
Products, Protocols, Patents & Research 

^ = journal publication   * = published conference proceedings   ** = book chapter 

1986  
President  & Founder, John Frappier, studied in the Former Soviet Union 

1989
PRODUCT
Generation I Super Treadmill
Generation I SprintCords™
Four-Square Plyometric formation
Munoz Plyometric formation
Krumrie Plyometric formation
Leclair Plyometric formation
PROTOCOLS
Version I Running, levels 1-5 
Version I Plyometrics, levels1-4

1990
Opened First Facility in Bismarck, ND
PRODUCT
Generation II Super Treadmill
PlyoPress 
Pro Multi-Hip
Version III Protocol Manual

1991
PRODUCT
KickingCord™
PROTOCOLS
Version I Gymnastics
Levels I and II Pro Lineman 
Levels I and II Pro Speed
RESEARCH
The Effects of Anaerobic Conditioning on Serum Lactate in Young Athletes, St. Alexius Medical Center (Bismarck, ND)

1992
PRODUCT
Pro Implosion
Patents
SprintCord™
KickingCord™
RESEARCH
Biochemical Analysis of Beginner and Advanced Level Athletes Undergoing an Intense Anaerobic Conditioning Program, Frappier Acceleration Training Center (Fargo, ND) and Concordia College (Moorhead, MN)

1993
PRODUCT
Hockey Treadmill
PROTOCOL
Version I PlyoPress Based

1994
PRODUCT
Hitting Harness (prototype)
PROTOCOLS
Hitting Level 1
Version I Skating, levels 1-3  
Version I Home Proprioceptive Plyometrics
RESEARCH
EMG Activity of Ice Skating and Treadmill Skating In Hockey Players, St. Cloud State University (St. Cloud, MN) 
The Effect of an Anaerobic Training Program Utilizing A Skating Treadmill On Anaerobic Performance, Lactate, And Other Metabolic Parameters, University of North Dakota Medical School (Grand Forks, ND)

1995
PRODUCT
ThrowingCord™
PATENT
Hockey Treadmill 
Protocols
PlyoPlatform 
Version II KickingCord™
RESEARCH
An Electromyographic Study of Back and Lower Extremity Muscle Activity during PlyoPress Exercises, a Squat Lift, and a Vertical Jump, University of North Dakota Medical School (Grand Forks, ND)
Velocity Changes in Throwing a Baseball after Training with the “Throwing Cord” Versus a Traditional Throwing Protocol, The University of Montana (Missoula, MT)

1996
PATENTS
ThrowingCord™
PowerCord®
PROTOCOLS
ThrowingCord™,  levels 1-2
Level I Collegiate Football Lineman 
Levels I and II Collegiate Football Backs
Levels I and II Collegiate Football Plyometrics
RESEARCH
An Electromyographic Study of Back and Lower Extremity Muscle Activity during a Traditional Squat and the PlyoPress Leg Press, University of North Dakota Medical School (Grand Forks, ND)
An Electromyographic Study of Quadriceps and Hamstrings Activity during Forward and Backward Walking, University of North Dakota Medical School (Grand Forks, ND)                            
Muscular Coordination during Incline Sprint Training, University of Massachusetts (Amherst, MA)
*Swanson SC, JP Frappier, and GE Caldwell.  Joint kinetics during level and incline treadmill running.  Proceedings of the 9th Biennial Conference of the Canadian Society of Biomechanics, Vancouver, BC, Canada, pp. 210.

1997
PROTOCOLS
Level III Pro Football Speed
RESEARCH
An Electromyographic and Video Analysis Study of the Shoulder Girdle Musculature Activity during Exercises with the Multi-SportCord, i.e. PowerCord, University of North Dakota Medical School (Grand Forks, ND)
An Electromyographic Study of Backward Walking Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair, University of North Dakota Medical School (Grand Forks, ND)
Can Throwing Cords or Arm Ergometry Enhance Throwing Velocity in Collegiate Baseball Players? St. Cloud State University (St. Cloud, MN)
The Effects of Throwing Cords on Velocity and Strength in Collegiate Baseball Players’, University of North Dakota Medical School (Grand Forks, ND)
*Swanson SC, JP Frappier, and GE Caldwell.  Joint kinetics using an elastic loading device. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, (29) 5S

1998
PRODUCT
Version IV Protocol Manual
PROTOCOLS
Version I Skating 
Version I Figure Skating, Levels 1-4
Version I Figure Skating, Plyometrics, Levels 1-4
Version I Figure Skating Jump Plyometrics
Version II Youth Running, Level I
RESEARCH
A Comparison Of A Traditional Training Program To The Sports Acceleration Program In Improving Athlete’s Speed, Quickness, Agility, Strength And Power, University of North Dakota Medical School (Grand Forks, ND)
Hamstring EMG Activity With the Hamstring Cords Versus A Traditional Ham Curl Machine, Frappier Acceleration (Fargo, ND) 
*Swanson SC, JP Frappier, and GE Caldwell. Muscular coordination during incline and level treadmill running. Proceedings of the 3rd North American Congress on Biomechanics, Waterloo, ONT, Canada, pp. 343-344An Electromyographic Study of Forward and Backward Walking In Normals And In Subjects Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair, University of North Dakota Medical School (Grand Forks, ND)
A Video Analysis and EMG Comparison Skating On The Hockey Treadmill And On Ice At The Same Stride Frequency, Frappier Acceleration (Fargo, ND) and TOSH (Salt Lake City, UT)

1999
RESEARCH
An Electromyographic and Video Motion Analysis Study Of Elite Sprinters At Varying Speeds And Inclines,  University of North Dakota Medical School (Grand Forks, ND)
Electromyographic and Kinematic Analysis of Hockey Skating, University of North Dakota Medical School (Grand Forks, ND)
An Electromyographic Study of the Effects of Plyometric Training Shoes On the Lower Extremity,  University of North Dakota Medical School (Grand Forks, ND)
*Swanson SC, and GE Caldwell. Muscular coordination during incline and level treadmill running: trained versus untrained responses. Fifth IOC World Congress on Sport Sciences, Sydney Australia, 37-38.
*Swanson SC, JP Frappier, and GE Caldwell. Muscular coordination during incline running with an elastic loading device. XVIIth International Society of Biomechanics Congress, Calgary, AB Canada

2000
PROTOCOLS
Version V Protocol Manual
Version II Skating
RESEARCH
Comparison of Muscle Activation Patterns During a Volleyball Jump with and Without Resistance Cords (PowerCords) During Volleyball Blocking, The University Of Kentucky (Lexington, KY)
^Swanson, Stephen C., and Graham E. Caldwell.  An integrated biomechanical analysis of high speed incline and level treadmill running.  Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32 (6), 1146-1155.
*Walker JA, Frappier J, Johnson SC, and Swanson SC.  Effect of a 6-week incline treadmill training program on Wingate test results and 40-yard sprint times. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,.S; ACSM proceedings.
^Heidt RS Jr, Sweeterman LM, Carlonas RL, Traub JA, Tekulve FX.  Avoidance of soccer injuries with preseason conditioning.  Am J Sports Med. Sep-Oct;28(5):659-62.

2001
PRODUCT
AIMS 1.0 (Athlete Information Management System)
PROTOCOLS
Version I Distance Running 
Ground Based Training
Recreational Athlete Running 
Recreational Athlete Plyometrics 
Version II Hitting with PowerCords
PowerCord® Baseball
PowerCord® Basketball 
PowerCord® Volleyball
PowerCord® Puck Handling & Shooting (no longer available)
PATENT
Custom Fit Shoe
RESEARCH
Performance Based Analysis of an Incline Treadmill Sprinting Program versus A Ground Based Sprinting Program, University of Kentucky (Lexington, KY) 
**Swanson SC and JP Frappier.  Introduction: Application of biomechanics in sports rehabilitation and training. Biomechanics of Sports Rehabilitation, Shamus, E. and J. Shamus, Eds. McGraw-Hill.  New York, NY 10011

2002
FAST reaches 100 facility milestone
PRODUCT
Version I ACL Bridge Instructional VHS
Version III Training Manual
PlyoPress 3PQ Force Plate & Database Technology
PROTOCOLS
ACL Bridge 
Youth Running
Version II Distance
RESEARCH
A Comparison of Gold Standard Performance Tests Pre and Post Training On the Hockey Acceleration Program, Minnesota Wild (St. Paul, MN)

2004
PRODUCTS
AccuPower Portable Force Plate & Data Base Technology
Hitting Harness
PROTOCOLS
Golf Resistance Training 
Harness and Resistance Cords added to Plyometrics
Version II ThrowingCord™ 
Version II Hitting 
Version II Junior Skating, Levels 1-4
Version II Collegiate Skating
Version III Skating
Version VI Running
RESEARCH
*Establishing Validity And Reliability Of A New Power Ergometer When Compared To Wingate Anaerobic Power Testing And Isokinetics, South Dakota State University (Brookings, SD)   
*Determan, J, S Swanson, W. McDermott, and J. Hamill.  Ground reaction forces in treadmill vs. overground running.  Canadian Society of Biomechanics, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.  August 4-7.
*Hassan, CJ, SC Swanson, and GE Caldwell.  Three-Dimensional Joint Kinematics and Ground Reaction Forces during Repeated Single-Leg Vertical Jumps in Female High School Athletes.  NSCA National Meeting, Minneapolis, MN.  July 15-17.
*Thelen, DG, ES Chumanov, DM Hoerth, BC Heiderscheit, TM Best, and SC Swanson.  Hamstring muscle kinematics during sprinting.  American College of Sports Medicine. Indianapolis, IN, May 31-June 3.
*Young, MA, SC Swanson, and L. Li.  Pelvic tilt kinematics change with increased sprinting speed. American College of Sports Medicine, National Meeting, Indianapolis, IN, May 31-June 3.

2005
PRODUCTS
Version IV Training Manual
Version I Online Training & Certification
Version I Training Video 
Certification Manual updates
Online ACL Bridge Exam
PROTOCOLS
Version I Wrestling 
Pre/Post Treadmill PlyoPress Jump
Collegiate Hockey, levels 1-3
Pro Hockey, levels 1-2
Version VII Running 
RESEARCH
*A Comparison of Vo2 Max and Metabolic Variables between Treadmill Running and Treadmill Skating, South Dakota State University (Brookings, SD)        
^Thelen DG, Chumanov ES, Best TM, Swanson SC, Heiderscheit BC. Simulation of biceps femoris musculotendon mechanics during the swing phase of sprinting. Med Sci Sports Exerc.  Nov;37(11):1931-8.
^Thelen DG, Chumanov ES, Hoerth DM, Best TM, Swanson SC, Li L, Young M, Heiderscheit BC.Hamstring muscle kinematics during treadmill sprinting. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Jan;37(1):108-14
*Swanson, SC and GE Caldwell.  Kinetic limitations of maximal sprinting speed: revisited.  International Society of Biomechanics, Cleveland, OH, August 1-4.
*Chumanov, ES, DG Thelen, DM Hoerth, TM Best, BC Heiderscheit, and SC Swanson.   Lateral hamstrings are stretched more than the medial hamstrings during sprinting.  International Society of Biomechanics, Cleveland, OH, August 1-4.
*Brock University Hockey research (4-5 publications in print or in-press)

2006
PRODUCTS
Certification Manual updates
Force Treadmill and associated force and video analysis data collection
PowerCords® Modifications (added thigh attachments to waistband)
PROTOCOLS
Version IV Skating, Levels 1-4
Pre and post test Plyometrics, Levels 1-4 (recorded electronically on AccuPower)
RESEARCH
*University of Connecticut’s work with AccuPower (1-2 publications)
^Myer GD, Paterno MV, Ford KR, Quatman CE, Hewett TE.  J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.  Jun;36(6):385-402. Rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: criteria-based progression through the return-to-sport phase. (AccuPower used for functional/bi-lateral symmetry testing)
^Myer GD, Ford KR, Brent JL, Hewett TE.  J Strength Cond Res. May;20(2):345-53. The effects of plyometric vs. dynamic stabilization and balance training on power, balance, and landing force in female athletes. (AccuPower used in study)
^Hewett TE, Myer GD, Ford KR, Slauterbeck JR.  Preparticipation physical examination using a box drop vertical jump test in young athletes: the effects of puberty and sex. Clin J Sport Med. Jul;16(4):298-304 (AccuPower used in study)
^Walsh MS, Ford KR, Bangen KJ, Myer GD, Hewett TE. The validation of a portable force plate for measuring force-time data during jumping and landing tasks. J Strength Cond Res. Nov;20(4):730-4 (AccuPower validation).

2008
RESEARCH
5 major projects in progress